Pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy calendar, birth of the child, development of the child, health of children.

If we speak about children usually, first of all, we worry that they were healthy. Because modern school programs, according to physicians, lead to the raised pressure of an organism of the child. The acceleration about which scientists of all spoke 5-10 years ago, was replaced now by processes of delay of physical development. And so necessarily there are questions: whether it is possible to support the schoolboy somehow. One of vitamins, namely vitamin E, will allow to correct a situation partially.

It is literally until recently importance of vitamin E for the person it was called into question. As the lack of this vitamin has not been connected with development of such widespread vitamins of diseases caused by a lack as a scurvy or a rickets, the science only has started to recognise recently its importance.

Under the name "vitamin E" eight connections which meet in the nature are known. Four of them is tokoferoly. The name "tocopherol" occurs from the Greek words "tokos", that means - childbirth, and "ferejn" - to give birth. It has been chosen to underline the important role of this substance in the course of a reconstruction of different kinds of animals. The termination "ol" means, that the substance is spirit.

Mission of vitamin E

The basic function of vitamin E is protection of fabrics of an organism of the child against reactions which destroy, damage fabrics. These conditions can arise in course of variety of normal exchange processes, and also as a result of action of external toxic factors. In researches on animals it has been proved, that vitamin E preserves against the damages connected with a cigarette smoke. It protects cellular biological membranes which are in nervous cages, muscles and serdechnososudistoj to system, helps to prolong a life eritrotsitov, and to an organism of the child gives the chance to provide optimum use of vitamin A.

Saturation of a children's organism by vitamin E depends not only on its maintenance in a foodstuff and soaking up function of intestines, but also from level of so-called nonsaturated fat acids in a diet and the general condition lipidnogo an exchange. Being in a womb, the fruit receives tocopherol from a parent organism. Its maintenance in blood of the pregnant woman, as a rule, in 1,5-2 times above, than at not pregnant woman. But because tocopherol in a significant amount is late a placenta which contains it in 2-3 times more than fruit fabrics, the child is born in a condition of "physiological" insufficiency of vitamin E. The early appendix to a breast promotes fast replenishment of MAINtenance of tocopherol in plasma of blood of the newborn as a result of its receipt from the outside. This one more advantage of chest feeding.

The daily requirement of the child for tocopherol precisely is not defined for today. It depends on quantity and quality of fats which are used, security by ascorbic acid, application with the medical purpose of preparations of iron, group vitamins In, folic acid. The daily requirement in tokoferolah for children of chest age on the average makes 5 mg. According to the American association of dieticians, chest children daily should receive 7,5 mg of tocopherol, children of advanced age - 10 mg, young men and adult men - 15 mg, and women - 12 mg. The requirement for tocopherol for nedonoshennyh children is higher and makes approximately 9 mg a day. And here at natural this requirement completely becomes covered by MAINtenance tokoferolov in chest milk. In a considerable quantity vitamin E contains in a colostrum, in smaller - in transitive and mature milk. At artificial feeding the requirement for this vitamin is completely satisfied only with the adapted dairy mixes. In 1 litre of the adapted dairy mix contains about 5-10 mg tokoferolov.

About other application of vitamin

Vitamin E in one of the forms finds wide application as protivookislitelnoe means (antioxidant) for stabilisation of food oils, fats and a fat-containing foodstuff in the food-processing industry.

Researches have shown, that vitamin E in a combination with vitamin C reduces formation of substances nitrozaminov in meat manufacture (they as have shown researches on animals, are carcinogens), and does it more effectively, than one vitamin C.

Use tokoferoly and in dermatology as means for local application with the anti-inflammatory purpose and for humidifying of a skin and prevention of harmful action of ultra-violet beams.

In a pharmaceutical industry tocopherol apply, for example, to stabilisation of syrups, aromatic connections and components which contain vitamin A. Alpha tocopherol apply as an antioxidant in plastic, technical oils and lubricant substances, and also in the cleared so-called white oils which are necessary in cosmetic and pharmaceutical production.

The basic sources tokoferolov

Vegetable oils (peanut, soya, palm, corn, sunflower etc.) and young wheat are the most valuable sources of vitamin E. Tokoferoly contain also in nuts, seeds, integral grains and green sheet vegetables. Some products of type of milk and eggs incorporate a small amount of this vitamin.

Besides, vitamin E add in margarine and other foodstuff.

Hence, do not forget to include in a daily diet of the kid of a dish which would contain additional quantity of vitamin.

And still: light, oxygen and heat are factors which as a result of long storage or in the course of preparation of dishes destroy vitamin.

In some products the tocopherol maintenance can decrease half only after two weeks of their storage at a room temperature. The quantity of vitamin E in vegetable oils considerably decreases as a result prozharivanija. Therefore always give advantage to fresh products, and oil is better for using in the form of salads, instead of for zharki.

The simultaneous use of preparations or products which contain a lot of iron, reduces vitamin E receipt in an organism of the child. It is especially important in case of treatment of an anaemia at kids. The requirement for vitamin E is connected with quantity of polynonsaturated fat acids which arrive with meal. The more such acids, the bolshej there will be a requirement for vitamin E.

Symptoms of a lack of vitamin

In connection with a tocopherol wide circulation in a foodstuff, the primary insufficiency of this vitamin caused by reduction of its receipt from the outside, meets seldom enough - at mainly carbohydrate food and a full exception of a diet of vegetable oils. For newborn and chest children the major source tokoferolov is parent milk and a colostrum. In the cow milk especially dissolved, MAINtenance of this vitamin is not extremely enough, in 5-7 times it is less, than in chest milk.

Specific sign of deficiency of vitamin E in an organism is gemoliticheskaja the anaemia which is accompanied by destruction of red blood little bodies, infringement of their form and the sizes. At insufficiency tokoferolov there are destructive processes in epitelii a germ, infringement of development of man's sexual functions, there is a  destruction of germs at early stages of development. Suppose, that insufficiency of tocopherol promotes development in chest children ekssudativnogo (allergic) diathesis, a rickets, various forms of muscular diseases.

Insufficiency of vitamin E meets mainly at nedonoshennyh newborn children, at broken intestinal vsasyvanii, at senior children - at diseases of a liver and bilious courses (an infectious hepatitis, holetsistoholangit, etc.), infectious-inflammatory diseases of intestines (enterokolit), a pancreas (a chronic pancreatitis), and also in cases of a pneumonia, otitises. Clinically insufficiency of tocopherol at chest children is shown during the period novorozhdennosti by the general hypostasis of fabrics. With low level of MAINtenance of vitamin E in blood plasma connect also some types of genetic diseases of blood.

As the exhaustion of stocks of vitamin E in fabrics occurs for a long time, no symptoms of insufficiency at first appear. However laboratory researches have shown occurrence of biochemical changes, including longevity reduction eritrotsitov, loss of muscular weight and increase in production of a pigment of ageing in certain fabrics of an organism.

When it is necessary to increase vitamin receipt

It is necessary to remember, that in the strengthened growth (first two years of a life), at the age of 6-8 years and during time which precedes sexual ripening (12-14 years), the child especially requires the raised quantities of vitamins, in particular and vitamin E. Additional introduction of tocopherol in the form of preparations raises the general reactance of an organism of the child, natural resistibility of children to infectious diseases. However in addition appoint any vitamin the doctor can only. Be attentive to a state of health of your child.