Pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy calendar, birth of the child, development of the child, health of children.

Umbilical ranka

In maternity hospital to your child have crossed an umbilical cord and with the kid remained pupovinnyj the rest. kultja umbilical cords quickly dries up and for 2 days the doctor deletes its surgical by. In maternity hospital umbilical ranku process every day at survey of the child. When you will appear at home, patronazhnaja sister will observe of a condition umbilical ranki.

You should process ranku once a day better after bathing. At first 3 % a solution of peroxide of hydrogen it is necessary to wash off krovjanistye crusts, then to grease ranku 5 % with a permanganate solution kalija (potassium permanganate). Heals umbilical ranka by 20 day of a life of the child. During this time from it can be light or sanious allocation. If allocation have an unpleasant smell or greenish, yellowish colour, and a skin around red and otechnaja are signs infitsirovanija and you need to address urgently to your doctor.

If during crying or pressure of the child the navel as though is blown up, it, possibly, signs of an umbilical hernia. The intestines fragment leaves through an aperture, raising an umbilical cord and frequently area round it, forming bugorok in the size from a cheap coin to an egg. As a rule, the umbilical hernia independently vanishes in the first years of a life of the child and does not demand special treatment. Surgical intervention on reposition of an umbilical hernia is required only when an aperture in brjushine too big or when the hernia increases in sizes, giving trouble.

Skin

Skin of the newborn usually soft, smooth, but, unfortunately, sometimes here and there it is possible to notice a peeling, sites of more rough, dry, wrinkled skin, at times even the drooped. It should not cause excitement: in due course all will pass. Happens, that the surface of a skin of the newborn is covered by various stains: vascular, reddish or brownish. Their most part or passes in due course, or with growth of the child does not increase in sizes, and stains even seem less. They do not represent to danger also treatment do not demand. Should not frighten parents and sudden short-term change of colour of a skin of the newborn. All is result of immaturity of blood system.

One of features of the earliest age - yellowish or translucent cheshujki on volosistoj parts of a head which arise at surplus vydeleny skin glands. If it is not a lot of them and they are similar to dandruff, delete their soft hairbrush. Dried up allocation to remove not so it is simple, but in no event it is impossible ottirat them too strongly. It is enough to apply for the night a head a bandage with vegetable oil and next day to wash up a head with soap.

In the first weeks of a life on the person of the child it is possible to see small white eels who will disappear in some weeks. On 3 - 4th week the skin on a face of the child can become covered by a red fat rash, and cheeks become rough. For a month-one and a half these phenomena pass. The problem of parents in such cases - minimum to disturb a skin surface to exclude infitsirovanie, not to allow to the child to scratch the person, cautiously to wash its water with children's soap, deleting superfluous fat.

If eels have strongly extended and have grasped volosistuju a head part, it can testify to a beginning allergy on milk or a mix. Then it is necessary to find a source of an allergy and to liquidate it.

Superfluous moisture on a sensitive skin, inevitable at using diapers and diapers, under condition of absence of fresh air and a constant friction - an occurrence principal cause oprelosti. Even the most attentive parents not always can avoid this problem. The only thing that can weaken its display, is frequent change of diapers, high quality of washing, careful podmyvanie and obsushivanie the child. And MAIN thing let's to a skin "breathe"! From time to time open popku the child and minutes on 10 substitute under solar beams at the closed window. In warm weather it is possible to allow for the child to have a sleep with bared popkoj. If oprelost does not pass, take advantage of the protective ointment containing okis of zinc, or powder.

Eyes

Sight bodies are necessary for protecting from the earliest age. Avoid influence of too bright direct or reflected light, do not allow children to look at the sun or welding fire, address with flashlight more cautiously. Do not subject an eye of the child to sharp differences of light exposure. Use soft, a desk lamp or floor lamp diffused light under a green lamp shade at night.

Eyes of the kid at washing should be wiped the sterile wadded tampons moistened in warm boiled water, soft movements from edge of the person to a nose. Gradually the temperature of water for washing decreases.

Plaintive glands at the majority of newborns start to function at 3-month's age. Slezki should flow down in a nasal cavity through plaintive kanaltsy which apertures are in an internal corner of an eye. If you have noticed yellow sticky allocation from one or both eyes, it, most likely, a consequence of corking of apertures plaintive kanaltsev. If yellow allocation all the same remain, address to the doctor: it will write out drops or the ointment, containing an antibiotic and will tell how to look after for nososleznym the channel.

Ears

To ears it is necessary to concern not less attentively, than sight bodies. Branch of sulphur from ears of the child - process normal. Together with sulphur from an external ear the dust, microorganisms leave, that is there is a self-cleaning process. That there were no sulfuric stoppers, delete surpluses of sulphur outside of acoustical pass by means of a pure wadded stick. Do not get at all deeply into acoustical pass not to injure an eardrum and not to wound very gentle skin of external acoustical pass.

Process of allocation of sulphur can become more active after bathing, at hit in an ear of any rubbish, a dust, an insect. But sometimes it testifies to an inflammation of an average ear. Do not try to get independently a sulfuric stopper or to treat any drops ears of the child - trust in the expert. The only thing, that you can make in house conditions, it to put the child on a warm hot-water bottle of minutes on 10-15 at first one ear, then another. The given procedure not only promotes clarification of ears, but also is a prophylactic against otitises.

Nose

The nose not only is the filter for air arriving in lungs, warming and humidifying it, but still is responsible for sense of smell and takes part in taste definition. Therefore it is very important, that the child from the earliest age has learnt to breathe correctly a nose.

Nasal courses at newborns very small, and even their small contamination can cause the noisy complicated breath. Nasal courses are easily hammered by hairs from clothes and blankets, a dust, irritated with a smoke from cigarettes, paints, aerosols, etc. Usually the child himself copes with this problem frequent chihaniem. Your problem - simply to watch cleanliness of air in a room and to clean possible sources of pollution.

Another matter - cold and, as consequence, a cold. Thus mucous a nose swells, nasal courses are filled with the dense separated. Treatment needs to be begun with frequent "simplification" of a nose - vychishchenija nasal passes by thin wadded sticks, vysmarkivanija, zakapyvanija the drops registered by the doctor etc. And important at vysmarkivanii to clear at first one nostril, then another (not both simultaneously!). During a dream put the child on a stomach, and a head turn on one side. In such position children sleep at a stuffy nose is better.

Nails

Some newborns are born with such "manicure", that they can be scratched, actively and uncontrolledly moving handles and legs. At chest children nails grow quickly, therefore they should be cut off in time, differently they are bent or break. Do not cut nails too shortly not to cause to the child of a pain, use small children's tweezers or safe scissors with the stupid ends. When you cut off a nail, press a finger small pillow not to touch a skin. At casual wound put to ranke sterile bandage and take to a bleeding stop a little.

Nails standing the child grow more slowly, than on hands, and often disappear under a skin. Anxiety, that they can grow, is groundless: at newborns of it usually does not occur.

It is very convenient to cut nails to the kid during a dream when its handles and a leg are weakened. If you cut nails during wakefulness of the child, it is better to carry out first time this procedure together: one holds the handle, and another cuts.