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Scoliosis name a backbone curvature in a face-to-face plane. The scoliosis is considered right-hand if the backbone axis is bent to the right, and link sided - if to the left.

When the backbone is bent on all length it is a total scoliosis, at a part curvature - partial or local.

This disease occupies one of the first places from children of school age among other deformations of bones of a skeleton. And, girls are ill in 4-5 times more often, than boys. What versions of a scoliosis? How to find out this disease in the daughter or the son? How to prevent its occurrence? You will find answers to these and other questions more low.

Different factors which underlie distribution of scolioses to groups can be principal causes of a curvature of a spine column.

Congenital scolioses

Result from congenital defects of development of vertebras (additional vertebras, semivertebras, additional edges, reduction or increase in quantity of vertebras). The congenital scoliosis can develop at any level of a spine column, but most often meets in chest department. Such scolioses are shown at early age, sometimes right after births. A current of congenital scolioses adverse, they progress, causing physical inability of the child.

Displastichesky scolioses

Are caused nedorazvitiem spine column parts. Vertebras often srashchivajutsja among themselves, forming massive bone blocks. It is sometimes observed nedorazvitie back parts of vertebras, that is the spine column part on a certain site has a crack in which there can be a spinal cord part, - a spinal hernia. Such scolioses also early distinguish, they tend to progress, that is to strengthening of a lateral curvature.

nejrogennye scolioses

Arise after different neurologic diseases (a poliomyelitis, other infectious diseases). The patrimonial trauma can be the reason nejrogennogo a scoliosis. Such kind of this disease badly gives in to treatment and quickly progresses.

Idiopatichesky scolioses

The most numerous group of the scolioses, which reason of occurrence is not established. It is known, that they are more often found out in children of school age (10-15 years).

According to modern data, the scoliosis makes about 66 % of all diseases of a backbone.

Why girls is more often are ill?

The matter is that the female organism owns considerably smaller muscular force that is caused by a number of the genetic reasons. When girls intensively grow, the muscular system "is not in time" behind growth of bones of a skeleton. Therefore also the wrong structure of a skeleton is formed. Subsequently this process becomes irreversible - the scoliosis develops.

The reasons of occurrence of scolioses at schoolboys is extremely actual problem which has a social root and requires the immediate decision. Correct selection of school desks, carrying out of lessons of physical culture separately for boys and girls, individual complexes of physical exercises for each child, instead of for "the average schoolboy". It is the incomplete list of factors which would promote prevention of occurrence of scolioses among children.

Scoliosis degrees

Depending on size of a curvature of a backbone distinguish four degrees of a scoliosis.

The first degree. A lateral curvature of a backbone hardly considerably at the child who costs. In lying position deformation considerably decreases. On the roentgenogram a corner of a lateral deviation - to 10 degrees.

The second degree. A considerable lateral curvature of a spine column. Deformation is well appreciable, when the child costs. At bending forward at level of chest department of a backbone it is visible a costal hump, that is thorax deformation. On the roentgenogram of a backbone the deformation corner makes no more than 25 degrees.

The third degree. The backbone is very bent, with the big costal hump on a back which occupies practically all half of thorax. Spine column movements are very limited. On the roentgenogram of a backbone a deformation corner - to 40 degrees. Such children weak, languid, pale, quickly get tired, inclined to frequent prostudnym to diseases of the top respiratory ways, physical activity causes in them strong palpitation, potlivost, that is there are all signs respiratory and warm nedostatochnostej

The fourth degree. Deformation is so expressed, that it is appreciable even through clothes. The trunk of the child is strongly truncated, a thorax both in front, and behind deformed. A costal hump on all half of thorax. As a result of considerable truncation of a trunk of a hand seem too long, and the bottom finitenesses it is disproportionate the big. The costal cage rests the bottom part against basin bones. Function of bodies of chest and belly cavities is strongly broken. Such children choke even at insignificant physical activities. The spine column is practically motionless. For such children the short wind, palpitation, potlivost, weakness, morbidity will be characteristic. They require a permanent care, both relatives, and the medical personnel, the help from the state in the form of social pension.

How to find out disease

Try to examine the child independently. It is necessary to do it in certain sequence. At first survey in front, then behind and only then - sideways. Ask thus the son or the daughter to stand exactly with the hands lowered along a trunk.

At survey in front. Pay attention to head position, an arrangement plechej, symmetry of a thorax, level of an arrangement of nipples. In norm the head should not deviate in this or that party. It is necessary, that shoulders were symmetrically at one level. The thorax should be convex, without strong embolies both forward, and back, and dummies should take places at one level.

At survey behind. In this position you can is better to find out all curvatures of a spine column. The head should take places directly, shoulders and shovels - at one level. At a lateral curvature the shoulder and a shovel on the curvature party will be located above opposite side level. If the humeral belt is lowered at the left the right-hand scoliosis if on the contrary - link sided in this case takes place. The shovel on the party of a lateral curvature of a backbone not densely adjoins to a thorax and reminds a wing.

To find out a lateral curvature of a backbone, use such way. The second and third fingers of the right hand spend along awned shoots of a spine column from top to down twice. On a skin the red strip which will precisely repeat all curvatures of a backbone is formed. At thin children the backbone axis is well visible, when hands are taken away in the parties. Pay attention to so-called triangles of a waist. It shchelevidnye gleams of the triangular form, located between an internal surface of the lowered hands and a trunk and top at waist level. In norm waist triangles should be identical under the form and the size. At a scoliosis the triangle on the curvature party decreases, and on an opposite side increases is a so-called asymmetry of triangles of a waist. Symmetry infringements observe even at insignificant lateral curvatures of a spine column. Therefore such way is simple enough and effective for scoliosis revealing in house conditions. Pay attention to symmetry of buttocks, folds standing in position, standing. They should settle down at one level.

At survey sideways. The spine column curvature at different levels is well visible. The back can be round, flat, with a considerable curvature in lumbar department. Pay attention to the stomach form. Very acting stomach is a sign of deformation of a backbone or weakness of muscular fabrics of a stomach.

For exact diagnostics of degree and the deformation form at a scoliosis it is necessary to address to the children's orthopedist. Scoliosis treatment is appointed, proceeding from the reasons of deformation, its degree, an arrangement, age of the child.

It is better to prevent, than to treat

To prevent a scoliosis, it is necessary to adhere to simple recommendations.

Provide to the son or the daughter a correct mode of rest and physical activities: loading on a backbone is necessary for alternating to rest in laying position.

Watch a correct bearing of your child. The bed should have a firm mattress, the pillow to be "symbolical", that is very low though it is possible to manage and without it. To sleep better on a back or on a stomach. Your child of any cargoes most convenient for transferring will be zaplechnyj a backpack.

Scoliosis and playing sports

On a question of parents: whether "Can protect playing sports the child from a scoliosis?" Unequivocally to answer difficultly. All depends on in what kind of sports your child takes a great interest. For example, weightlifting negatively influences not generated children's organism. The big loadings on a backbone in so-called "the critical periods", that is during the most intensive growth of the child are especially dangerous. Distinguish three most important critical periods:

• The first - from 6 months till 3 years;
• The second - from 6 till 9 years;
• The third - from the moment of puberty (12-14 years) before growth end.

Swimming - the most optimum type of physical activity at curvatures of a backbone of any type, the most effective preventive kind of sports for children.

Examining your child, pay attention on:

• Level both plechej;
• Head position;
• Symmetry of an arrangement of shovels to a backbone;
• Symmetry of triangles of a waist;
• Level of the top and bottom edges of shovels;
• Parallelism of an arrangement of internal edges of shovels;
• Position of bones of a basin;
• Difference in length of feet;
• Presence of deformations of a thorax;
• Line of awned shoots of a backbone;
• Mobility of a spine column;
• Presence of a costal hump.