Pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy calendar, birth of the child, development of the child, health of children.

You to look back were not in time, and your kid has risen, has gone, has started talking and, at last, I have declared "- itself". So the most difficult and responsible stage in a life of the small person - formation of the person begins almost.

Your kid - especial and unique. And in every way aspires, that its achievements recognised. It gradually starts to master time space of a life: yesterday-today-tomorrow, the past-future-present. The child has already found out, that on light there are boys and girls and confidently carries itself to one of these categories. And still your child studies to live in a society, to realise the place in the world, interrelations with other people, the rights and duties. And in every way he aspires to be the best.

And our task - to support this aspiration of our kid - to praise and encourage, when something was not possible, positively to estimate it, let small, but achievements and when the child will be guilty, tell to it: "I Love, but I am afflicted" it it is correct, natural and is perspective. After all this way clears up in the child conscience and responsibility for the acts and for the one who nearby.

But, except the parental house, round the kid there is still a whole world of its coevals. And the child sharply feels necessity to ego-trip in this world, to become the best here again. But, when to it of 5-6 years, he already is able to hide the aspirations from strangers, and only the acute parent or parental sight can understand it.

Together with desire to be recognised, at the child the emulative spirit is born: wishes to be the best, the fast, the cleverest, etc. And if it is not possible there can be an envy to the coeval who is more successful. And our task - to learn the kid to overcome the negative feelings and desires.

Really to ego-trip in a circle of coevals, the child should learn to estimate acts and feelings and the, and the friends.

And every day all are more brightly shown individual lines of the child - character, interests, propensity and abilities, and each of them develops the especially. After all your child is a small person.

Emotional development

The kid in 4-6 years has the rich emotional world, he deeply feels. The child learns the surprising world of human relations. At it are actively formed morally-ethical standard: it hesitates and feels guilty and is able to tell about the feelings. And still he already is able to sympathise and empathize, understands an emotional condition of other people.

The child already understands behaviour rules, but yet can always supervise the feelings and desires.

Preschool children are very emotional, active, spontaneous, cheerful and direct.

Such emotional your child will remain till 5-6 years, but former trustfulness and naivety already disappear. Self-checking, criticality, compulsion raises, there is a feeling of justice. At the child the self-respect is developed, these small fighters for justice can declare: "To me it is insulting, when you shout at me"

For this age aggressive imaginations of kids are typical and "I you do not love their statement of type - you bad" or "You have offended me - I will kill you". It can become full unexpectedness for parents. Unique advice in the given situation - simply easy to talk to the child. And after a while he will learn to supervise better over the feelings, becomes more patient and benevolent.

Sexual differentiation

In 3-4 years the child already knows, that it the boy or the girl. And now mastering by the child of the sexual role proceeds. It finds out difference between men and women, and starts to imitate behaviour of representatives of the floor further. At the age from 4 till 6 years such important line as comprehension of by the boy or the girl develops. And displays of this comprehension can be observed in all - in a choice of games which are already accurately divided into games "for boys" and "for girls", in imitation behaviour of representatives of the floor. Parents sometimes happen are amazed by behaviour of the kid which suddenly wishes to kiss mum "in an adult way", declaring, that loves it.

Children's love - the important theme for reflexions. Once your child informs: "I have fallen in love. Mum, give me sweets - I will present to Natasha in a garden", or the daughter silently sighs, observing of the idol - the neighbour-third-grader. Be cautious with such quivering feelings.

The feeling of shame develops. If the small child very direct in the desire to investigate own body the becomes more adult, the bolshee feels inconvenience, when it is necessary to undress before extraneous people. It is normal process which grows out of educational influence. Respect feeling of the kid.

The child intensively has a sensation of own body, sensitivity of receptors of a skin and mucous raises, kids want tenderness, caress, kisses, embraces. It is very important stage in development of the child.

Independent behaviour

The your kid becomes more adult, the its independence is more shown. At first children study in independent behaviour concerning actions of coevals, and after rather errors of adults. At 5-year-old age almost all children are already capable to show independence to coevals, and inheritance of errors of authoritative adults remains at many six-summer.

Even more often in the preschool period in structure of dialogue of the adult and the child equality and partnership elements are shown. In behaviour of the child there are elements of the critical relation to actions of coevals and the adults, the first displays of independent behaviour. But that such independent behaviour was formed, parents and other adults who take part in education of the child, should create special conditions. Let your kid has possibility to correct your "errors", to win against you in any game. Let the child feels not only the pupil, but also the partner, and sometimes - even the teacher. And he will feel, that in this world something depends and on it.

Thinking of the preschool child

"Why?", "Whence?", "that?" Tens questions a minute gives out small "pochemuchka". In vanity of everyday life we ignore them. There will pass years before the child can receive the exhaustive answer to the questions, but he wishes to know all at the moment and immediately.

To answer the preschool child its question, it is necessary to know, he expects what answer. Therefore try to ask it. You, first of all, learn, that already knows "pochemuchka" as he explains the phenomenon or concept, and, making a start from it, can answer the put questions.

The child of 4-6 years, explaining the world, animates it. All on light breathes, thinks, feels, wishes … And it is fine. Otherwise as to it to explain, why the sun shines, the wind and who has fastened on the star sky whence arrives. The fantastic image of the world, game is an especial way of development of an external world which allows to understand, acquire, systematise the information which arrives from an external world at accessible level.

But there is also other way of knowledge surrounding - active effective development of subjects - new toys, subjects of a life, games in sand … the Child studies to experiment subjects accessible to it, trying independently to explain the reasons of movement of mechanisms, properties of substances.

And that the kid can investigate to what to touch, very quickly bothers, loses the charm.

But those phenomena and subjects which are outside the limits of a first-hand experience of the child remain the allocated "live" qualities. And even if the preschool child knows "a scientific explanation" and tells to you it, in a shower he all the same continues to trust in possibility of magic transformations. Whether the belief in the Grandfather of the Frost here hides?

Only separate children among 4-6-летних, studying an unfamiliar subject, do it as adults: feel, consider and do not try to find magic properties.

Gradually, with the years, the child from a "magic" explanation of the reasons, the phenomena passes to rational interpretation of a picture of the world. It is very important stage which, basically, prepares the child for a new stage of development - study at school.

One more important property of thinking of the preschool child - "globalnost". The adult sees object - water, sand, plasticine, knows also its properties - the form, volume, weight, etc. For the child all properties incorporate in one the general, difficult. They cannot estimate interrelation between different concepts, for example, that the water volume in a glass depends on height of a glass and its width. The child sees one brightest property and on it does conclusions about all object. This "lack" of thinking is overcome in due course. And if to give the chance to the child to experiment independently things, water, sand it will much fast overcome this property of the thinking.

From the point of view of the adult, it only "intermediate stages" which will be overcome in due course. But the child has a world. In it there is also an ability "to combine not combined", and ability to allocate in objects the brightest properties, and trust to personal experience, that is that the preschool child thanking these "lacks" of thinking receives. And these abilities will be useful to it in the future, even then, when it already becomes adults.