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Today on counters of shops it is possible to meet improbable number of various puzzles, compound pictures. The purpose of the given puzzles — to collect the whole image from separate details. Compound pictures happen different level of complexity which raises with the years. All compound pictures can be classified on 4 kinds:

• Pictures loose leaves
• Cutting pictures
• Cubes with images
• Puzzles

First three categories already became "classics", and here puzzles have appeared in our country not so long ago and every year get the increasing popularity. And puzzles collect with the great pleasure not only children, but also adults.

So, let's consider in more details everyone their listed above categories.

Pictures-loose leaves

Are very effective in formation and development in the kid of is evident-shaped thinking. Pictures-loose leaves represent pictures with the cut out parts. It is necessary to find missing slices and to enclose them on the places. For example, it is necessary to build a number slonikov different in the size.

The most simple variant of the given game when the cut out element has equal edges and the drawing represented on it is symmetric, for example, a circle and the sun represented on it. After the child will start to cope easily with the given task, it is possible to offer it a deckle-edged picture. The following stage of complexity: the picture with the equal cut out edges is offered to the child, and here the image on it is already asymmetrical, for example, a chicken represented on a square. The child should try to insert a chicken correctly, instead of head over heels. Then it is possible to offer the child loose leaves in which the cut out elements are a part of an image. For example, geometrical parovozik.

This game created as frameworks-loose leaves, will acquaint the child with different geometrical forms, concepts of size, colour, a part and whole. Playing with parovozikom, the child develops attention, memory, speech, logic thinking, a motility of hands, imagination.

At first consider Parovozik together with the child. Ask to name it details which he knows. If the kid yet does not speak, name details. Tell at accessible level who operates a steam locomotive and as it works.

At ours parovozika many details are taken out loose leaves in the form of geometrical figures: circles big and small, triangles, rectangles, squares, semicircles, a trapeze. Take out figures. Consider them and suggest to think up, on what they are similar. Circles — on the Sun, the Moon, a plate, a coin etc.

At children loose leaves with an intermediate layer use the big popularity. Let's look races on an example of game "House".

This, more difficult framework — the loose leaf is made as the elementary puzzle consisting of 10 parts. Under loose leaves the internal device of the house is drawn. Under each loose leaf there is any room: the bathroom, children's, kitchen, under a roof — an attic, and under a cloudlet hides the cheerful sun, on a tree twist nests of a bird, and in a kennel near the house there lives a dog.

Show to the kid as loose leaves get from a framework, naming parts of the house and explaining, that under them is: «It is a roof, under it there is an attic, old things» there are stored. If the child already speaks, lifting the loose leaf, ask it: «And who here lives?», «as this room is called? We have a such?».

After the kid has remembered the house device, try to collect a puzzle. At first take out one or several parts and ask «to repair the house». Then try to disassemble the house completely that the child has collected him.

If the child has already mastered coherent speech, ask to think up it history about inhabitants of the house. Think up as them call, where they work or study, as spend time.

Cutting pictures

Cutting pictures represent the pictures cut on straight lines (in most cases) to lines. With the most simple cutting pictures (one large subject is represented and it is divided on two parts) it is possible to start to be engaged since one and a half years. In due course it is possible to complicate tasks, offering the kid the pictures consisting from bolshego of number of details (6, 8, 12 elements).

The purpose of this game for the smallest is explanation of concepts of a part and whole, working off of mechanical skills (to put the necessary detail on the necessary place) and assiduity. In process bases of such qualities, as ability to combine, synthesise whole of details are pawned; there is an active development of speech, emotional sphere, visually-impellent coordination and spatial perception.

The child should learn to "see" a picture in details, to keep it in memory and to repeat independently, mentally overturning and combining parts.
Game is calculated on the smallest and if you do not learn the child to bases the kid can quickly lose to it interest, therefore at the first stages if it does not consult, help it.

Collect pictures, tell, what on them it is represented, set in process leading questions, ask riddles about the represented subjects — «Itself scarlet, sugar, a caftan green, velvet is who?», «what colour a pear? Give it we will find» etc.

Offer the child dosobirat almost ready picture, having added independently one detail, then each time complicate the task — two details, three; as a result the child not simply should to make independently a picture, but also to choose from the mixed parts the necessary.

Accompany game by verses, riddles, suggest the child to count, how many on a picture of plums, and how many cherries — use already collected pictures as the visual aid for development of speech and bases of the oral account.

You can make cutting pictures and is independent. However thus (and at purchase in shop) it is necessary for you to pay attention that the subject represented on pictures should be familiar to the child and bright.

Cubes with images

Cubes are a game favourite practically by all kids. During game the is evident-shaped thinking, ability to work on the sample, a visual memory, attention, logic develops. It is possible to begin employment from 2 years.

By means of cubes you can acquaint the child, for example, with fruit. Thus tell, where they grow, that from them it is possible to prepare — adding in the active dictionary of the child new words and concepts.

On a box bottom enclose drawing-sample with the fruit image. Ask to find the child the necessary part of a cube and to enclose in a box. As a result of assemblage cubes leave drawing, and your kid to get acquainted with concepts «a part and whole», studies to work on the sample.

Further, it is possible to ask to combine the child drawing without use of a picture of the sample — the visual attention, memory here work. Collecting drawing, make comments on actions of the child: have put a cube top right, now bottom left — developing ability to be guided in space.

It is gradually possible to complicate employment, offering the child to collect a picture from 9 cubes. Offering game, turn at first all cubes one party. It will help the child to orient easier in game rules. Then start to complicate a problem, having turned one cube not that party, then do it with two, three.

Puzzles

Puzzles get every year the increasing popularity. And in it there is nothing surprising! After all this game develops imagination, logic thinking, a small muscular motility, attention, integrity of perception.

From listed above cutting pictures puzzles differ that have a curve of connection of details. Here the child should compare the form of one detail with forms of the next details. Thus it is necessary for it to consider that on them is represented and whether it turns out at their connection the integral image.

To start to collect puzzles it is already possible approximately with 3,5 — 4 years. However here it is necessary to consider interest of the child and complexity of puzzles. To begin costs from puzzles which include a small number of large details. In due course it is possible to complicate, increasing quantity of details and reducing the size of details. The subjects represented on puzzles, should be familiar to the child. It is desirable, if it is one large subject, for example, favourite multjashnyj the hero of your kid. Also it will be better, if on a detail the separate image recognised by the child is represented.

If you have started to collect puzzles the first time it will be necessary for you to collect a picture, and then to clean 2–3 details and to tell to the child for example: «I have collected a picture, but the strong wind has blown and a little detalek has departed. Give you you will help me to collect it again!«. With small children during this entertaining process it is possible to think out a fairy tale, to study world around. For example «Who is drawn on this slice? The doggie? And what the doggie does? Sits." Well and so on.

And here children are more senior, at which the imagination is already well developed and they know game rules, can start to collect a picture «from a blank leaf».