Pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy calendar, birth of the child, development of the child, health of children.

Who from us had not to hear, how parents teach children: "Shift a pencil from the left hand in right", "Hold a spoon the right hand". Such remarks usually do not cause surprise. After all it is considered, that it is more correct, more expedient to carry out the major and most exact movements by the right hand, left - the supporting role is taken away. Whether it is necessary to train only one hand? Whether it is correct, what a dominating hand should be right?

Left or right? It is provided by the nature

The leading part in nervous system belongs to the big hemispheres of a brain which are closely connected one with another. In the right hemisphere the nervous centres of the left finitenesses, in left the centres of the right finitenesses are placed. Thus one of the big hemispheres is considered dominating. As at the majority of people the right hand and a foot the left hemisphere at them and dominates are mainly developed. Here a number of the important nervous centres, including the speech centres is placed. The statistics testifies, that quantity of lefthanders on globe, according to different authors, makes from 2 to 8 %, 90-91 % of right-handed persons, and the others - ambidekstry, that is those who equally own both hands.

As is known, at people who own the right hand is better, the right half of body is physically developed better. At the same time, at lefthanders - the left half is is better developed.

Presently many scientists suppose, that children are born with any one dominating hemisphere of a brain. In overwhelming majority of cases it is the left hemisphere. However the full consent at researchers concerning it is not present. Among children often enough meet such which give advantage to the left hand. They left reach for a toy, growing up, take a spoon in the left hand, jump on the left foot is better. With the years at them the right hand, but, as a rule, develops also till the end of a life of more dexterous remains left.

Anything bad in prevalence of the left finitenesses is not present. It at all is not defect. Such children in the intellectual relation do not lag behind at all the coevals. As is known, ingenious Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci was the lefthander. It is a lot of lefthanders among architects, actors, sportsmen.

At you the especial child!

Domination of the left hand creates some problems in social adaptation of children. After all everything, since the household goods and finishing different difficult devices, is calculated by panels on right-handed persons. A number of problems and especially medical character is connected with prevalence of the left hand. Yes, at lefthanders little bit more often, than at right-handed persons, different anomalies of a structure and an arrangement of internal bodies can be observed. Surgeons and therapists should know about it. Lefthanders original have a clinic of many psychological diseases. Many practically healthy such people differ the big scope and recurrence of emotional fluctuations.

Sometimes doctors face neurotic conditions at children-lefthanders at the age of 6-8 years. What reason of this condition? Sometimes such conditions become reaction to sneers of coevals which with the big obstinacy pursue the companions-lefthanders. Some children-lefthanders often worry the singularity, become reserved, avoid contacts to friends and coevals.

Whether it is necessary to retrain the child?

At schools teachers of elementary grades obstinately retrain lefthanders of schoolboys. It becomes, of course, from the best promptings - what for to the child to be allocated and be a target for sneers? Parents are connected to this process also, sometimes using "antiquated" methods - houses during preparation of written tasks adhere the left hand of the child to a trunk. To what it conducts? At many children such violent conversion training promotes strengthening of irritation, fieriness, the dream besides, worsens, there are night fears: suddenly among night the child shouts, cries, calls mum. On occasion stutter can even be observed. At school such child lags behind coevals in execution of written tasks - writes slowly, with admissions of letters and syllables, ugly handwriting with an inclination of letters to the left. Absence of successes conducts to that at the schoolboy-lefthander the desire to study disappears, he recollects the letter with disgust, in the morning from thought on necessity to go to school at it the mood worsens.

The majority of retrained children in half a year - year seize skills to write the right hand, and the sharpness of neurotic experiences gradually smoothes out, however all it does not pass completely. In the letter "training for a new profession" lefthanders never reach that perfection as by the letter the left hand, do the errors typical for such children.

Retrained children all life duplicate those automated programs of a brain which underlie the letter, - at first this program is reproduced in the right, a dominating hemisphere, subsequently is transferred on the left hemisphere which co-ordinates movements of the right hand, that is necessary skill is carried out uneconomically, with superfluous expenses.

As well as at what age it is possible to define, the right or left hand will dominate at the child?

The problem of conversion training of children would dare much easier if identification of the lefthander could be carried out at earlier stages of development of the child.

It is known, that at the majority of children in 2,5-3 months rudimentary reflexes of the newborn are lost. It is variety of reflexes which testify to a condition of nervous system of the newborn child. In due course, when the nervous system is improved and ripens, they disappear, being replaced new, more perfect which become necessary for game and informative activity. Scientists investigated, that disappearance of rudimentary reflexes occurs not simultaneously with right and a left-hand side. At the future lefthanders these reflexes are expressed more and lost later on the right hand, and right-handed persons - on left. Therefore, careful supervision of your doctor (after all to estimate a condition of reflexes it is necessary regularly) can answer you "the lefthander your child or the right-handed person" already at the age of 3-4 months.

The help in the question decision, what hand dominates at your kid, there can be an analysis of certain family cases. If someone from relatives in the first or second generation was the lefthander your kid can receive this ability.

Thus, diagnostics rather simple, and timeliness of its carrying out will allow to solve a number medikosotsialnyh problems which are connected with domination of the left hand.

At schoolboys for a quantitative estimation of domination of the right or left hand use the test:

1. What hand you write?
2. What hand throw a stone, a ball?
3. What hand hold a racket for game in tennis, badminton?
4. What hand light a match?
5. What hand scissor?
6. What hand insert a thread into a needle?
7. What hand cut bread?
8. With what hand brush the hair?
9. What hand hold a hammer?
10. What hand hold a tooth-brush?
11. What hand turn off a cap of a tube with a tooth-paste?
12. What hand open doors?

Answers and their estimation in points:

Any 0; only right +2; more often right +1; only left-2; more often left-1.

Total sum of the points received at testing: +24 (the expressed domination of the right hand) to-24 (the expressed lefthander). In an estimation of results it is possible to use such scale: 1) the right-handed person - from +24 to +9 points; 2) ambidekstrija - from +8 to-8 points; 3) the lefthander - from-9 to-24 points.

It is necessary to notice, that this scale is relative, and in the conditions of active conversion training the part of lefthanders will pass in group ambidekstrov and slabopravshej. Therefore this test should be supplemented with questions on, whether was in the childhood of conversion training surveyed with the left hand on right. Besides, it is necessary to find out, whether there is no lefthander among its near relations.