Pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy calendar, birth of the child, development of the child, health of children.

Klizmy to children do for the purpose of intestines clearing, and also for introduction of medicinal substances, which have local or rezorbtivnoe (after vsasyvanija a preparation) action.

Cleaning klizmy

Apply at locks, food poisonings, before introduction through a rectum of medicinal substances. They are counter-indicative in suspicion cases on an appendicitis, an intestinal bleeding, loss of a mucous rectum and in the first days after operation on bodies of a belly cavity. The technics of performance of this procedure consists in the following: the child put on a back with the legs lifted upwards. Well washed up hands take the boiled rubber cylinder (pear) and release from hot water which could get to the middle in process kipjachenija (in order to avoid a casual burn of a mucous membrane of a rectum!) . Then in it type 100-150 ml of boiled water which has temperature of 28-30 degrees. A cylinder tip grease with vaseline and it is cautious, without efforts enter into back pass. At first a tip direct a little forward, then, minuv external and internal sfinktery analnogo apertures, a little bit back, entering on depth of 3-5 sm then slowly press a cylinder. For cleaning klizmy it is enough to newborn to enter 25-30 ml of water, to the baby - 60-150 ml.

After introduction of a liquid by one hand compress buttocks of the child, and another cautiously extend a tip. Not to admit vytekanija a liquid at strengthening peristaltiki intestines, it is important to keep their compressed still some time. Then the kid has a desire to the certificate defekatsii.

For cleaning klizm to children of advanced age use mug Esmarha. The child stack on a left-hand side with the feet pressed to a stomach. In mug Esmarha pour boiled water which has temperature of 20-22 degrees, then, having opened the crane, let out air from a rubber tube and fill with its water. A mug suspend so that it was on 50-75 sm above the patient. Under the sick child enclose an oilcloth that its free end went down in a bowl. A rubber tip grease with vaseline and, having dissolved with the left hand of a buttock of the kid, enter it in analnoe an aperture. A tip at first enter a little forward in a direction to a navel, then back, in parallel kopchiku on depth 5-10 see to Children of 2-5 years enter 150-200 ml of water, more advanced age - 200-500 ml.

Speed of receipt of a liquid regulate by means of the crane placed on a rubber tube. Having finished liquid introduction, a tip cautiously extend. The child should lie down 8-10 minutes, will not amplify yet peristaltika and there will be no desire to the certificate defekatsii.

The mechanical irritation of a mucous membrane of intestines a liquid and in water temperature strengthens peristaltiku. Therefore at atonicheskih (absence of a tone of intestines) locks is recommended to enter a liquid with temperature of 18-20 degrees and even more low, whereas at spastic (a superfluous tone of intestines) - with temperature of 37-38 degrees. Strengthens peristaltiku addition to a liquid which is entered into intestines, glycerine or vegetable oil (1-2 table spoons of oil on 500-800 ml of water).

Oil klizmy

At children oil klizmy it is possible to apply as cleaning. Less often them use at inflammatory processes in thick intestines. In case of the spastic locks, the oil entered into intestines envelops dry kalovye weights and promotes their easier deducing. Besides, the microbic flora of thick intestines partially splits oil, and fat acids which are formed thus, irritate a mucous membrane of intestines and strengthen peristaltiku.

For performance klizmy oil (sunflower, konopljanoe or vaseline) warm up to indifferent temperature (37-38 degrees) and type in grusheobraznyj a rubber cylinder. It put on a rubber tip which cautiously insert through analnoe an aperture into a rectum, and slowly enter 80-150 ml of oil. It is better to do this procedure in the evening before a dream because the cleaning effect comes usually in 8-10 hours.

Hypertensive klizmy

Are used as cleaning at atonicheskih locks. The hypertensive solution (10 % of sodium of chloride, 20-30 % a solution of magnesium of sulphate) in volume of 50-70 ml at temperature of 25-30 degrees by means of a rubber cylinder with a tip is entered into intestines. The expressed effect comes in 20-30 minutes. This time the child should lie down, being kept from defekatsii.

Siphon klizmy

Concern the washing. Introduction of a considerable quantity of water promotes its penetration into all departments of thick intestines and immediate removal kalovyh the weights, harmful products which have got there. Such klizmy are applied in cases of poisonings by the chemical and vegetative poisons, insufficient efficiency cleaning klizm and at suspicion on dynamic impassability of intestines. They are counter-indicative at an appendicitis, a peritonitis, gastroenteric bleedings, cracks of back pass, rectum loss, in the first days after operation on bodies of a belly cavity.

Depending on age of the child, for siphon klizmy it is necessary to prepare 5-8-10 l of pure warm water. Of 0,8-1 sm and to 1,5 m put on length a wide glass watering can one end of a rubber tube in diameter, to another attach a rubber tube of type of a thick gastric probe. The patient should lay on a back, under it enclose an oilcloth. Under the child of advanced age substitute a vessel. The tube end grease with vaseline and enter through analnoe an aperture into intestines on depth 20-30 see From a teapot or a mug a watering can fill with water and lift. Water from a watering can through system starts to arrive in intestines. When the water level in a watering can will be balanced with the attached rubber tube, a watering can lower to level of a basin of the child. Under the law of informed vessels, water with the washed particles of contained intestines comes back in a watering can and it pour out in a basin. A watering can again fill with pure water, lift on 80-100 sm over a bed and watch water inflow in intestines. Procedure should be carried out easy, with breaks as on water which is entered, there can be intestines spasms and then it is necessary to wait its relaxations. Washing proceeds until pure water will start to depart. After washing a tube cautiously extend, all system wash out and boil.

During performance siphon klizmy it should be observed othozhdenie gases, in the form of vials in a liquid. Absence of gases in washing waters - one of signs of intestinal impassability.

Medical klizmy

By means of these klizm to children often enter camomile broth (at meteorizme), 2 % a solution hloralgidrata (at spasms), antibiotics in a kind emulsy in warm cod-liver oil, dogrose or sea-buckthorn berries oils (at kolitah if at the child vomiting is often observed) and other preparations. A medical solution enter into intestines after cleaning klizmy.