Pregnancy and childbirth, pregnancy calendar, birth of the child, development of the child, health of children.

The summer … the Disobedient beam of the sun makes the way through a morning cool and playfully tickles a snub-nosed nose which is covered by freckles as if a sunflower seeds. As well having pulled and having blinked eyes to smile to the morning sun. At last there has come a vacation … Far in a case textbooks and writing-books are hidden. And behind a window so much interesting affairs and adventures, already the spirit grasps! Behind a kitchen garden the river flows, in a garden sweet cherries burn crimson fire, excites with fragrant aroma a raspberry brake, and under a window calls neighbour's Vanja to go to wood behind wild strawberry. A dream as a hand has removed …

And here your kid is dipped into this quivering transparency of summer morning, only heels blink. And you shout after: "Be cautious, the sonny!" But does not pass also minutes as your words disappear from a head of the kid, and it rushes towards to opening and unexpectedness, having forgotten not only about safety, but also almost about all on light. Therefore it is frequent all these wanderings come to the end with that your child appears before you with the broken nose or the torn off knee, it is guilty pounding tears on a dirty face.

Calmness, only calmness …

In that case, first of all, take itself in hands. It is not necessary to panic, most to worry and shout at the kid. It will not bring advantage, but only will disturb and without that frightened child, and to you health will not add. First of all, calm the child and ask, that to it has occurred. Secondly, any trauma demands the weighed and resolute actions, and you should be collected and attentive.

More often are scratches and a graze

Grazes and scratches is a damage of the top layers of a skin which we often face. Received in the street, these wounds received in the street, as a rule, are polluted by a dust, the earth or sand. Therefore, they need to be washed out immediately under a stream of flowing water by means of a pure wadded tampon, it is desirable with soap. Then it is necessary to process a scratch of 3 % a solution of peroxide of hydrogen: foam which was formed, will remove all extraneous particles which have got to a wound. After that the skin round a graze is greased with 5 % with iodine tincture, zelenkoj or usual spirit and impose a bactericidal plaster. It is desirable, that the plaster covered a wound of 4-5 days, and before full healing to change it it is not necessary.

Wounds

Superficial wounds do not bear especial danger. It is necessary to wash out and process them the same as also grazes. Imposing of a pure bandage or a bactericidal plaster is obligatory. But, if a wound is deep and very polluted (for example when the child has pierced a foot a nail), it is necessary to address necessarily to the doctor. It concerns as well cuts on palms, wrists, the person when there is a risk of damage of vessels, sinews, nerves. In that case urgent surgical intervention, and, in case of need, introduction protivostolbnjachnoj whey is necessary.

The bleeding it is dangerous

The majority of wounds are accompanied by a bleeding. The insignificant bleeding stops independently. But, when the bleeding strong enough, it demands urgent actions. If finiteness is damaged often enough to lift upwards a hand or a foot, and the bleeding stops. In case of an inefficiency of such actions, into place above a wound impose a plait. In its role any pure fabric which is near at hand can act. A hand or a foot hardly tie up above a wound and under bandage knot spend, in quality zakrutki, a stick or a pencil. Several movements a bandage twist, and the bleeding stops. Such plait can be held no more hour-one and a half, periodically weakening knot for 1-2 minutes. Necessarily note to itself time of imposing of a plait.

If to impose a plait it is impossible (when the wound is placed on the person, to a head, a neck), for a bleeding stop it is necessary to press a palm or a fist a place located above a wound. After the bleeding termination, transportation of the child in the nearest hospital for rendering to it the qualified medical aid should be a following stage of your actions.

Bleeding from a nose

The child with a nasal bleeding it is impossible to lay down the person upwards. It is necessary to give it such position that the head was above a trunk. On nose bridge it is necessary to put moistened with cool water nosovik and densely to press a nose wing to a partition - to compress a nose big and bent index fingers. If you in the first-aid set have a solution of peroxide of hydrogen it is possible to make a dense wadded tampon, to moisten with its peroxide and to enter into a nasal course so that the tampon end was near nostril edge. Check up, are whole and whether nose bones are painful - crises are possible.

Bruise

The bruise, as a rule, is accompanied by cone and bruise formation. Put to a place of such trauma for 10-15 minutes a cold compress.

Head traumas

If the child has fallen and has hit a head, complains of weakness, a nausea, dizziness or loses consciousness, vomiting it is possible is observed, it is a craniocereberal trauma. Put the child sideways that it was in the maximum rest, and immediately call the doctor.

Sprain of ligaments

More often there are ankle joint sprains of ligaments, when the kid casually podvorachivaet a foot. In that case, lay the child in convenient position, hardly bandage a joint so that to limit its movements (crosswisely), and impose a cold. If there will be a swelling or a pain in a joint will accrue, consult with the doctor, because it, probably, signs of a crack or bone crisis.

Crises

Crises of bones arise more often as a result of falling from a tree, a bicycle, a swing, inept driving on skejte or the roller fads. As a rule, in cases of crises children complain of a pain which from loading on a bone accrues. If to examine the injured finiteness it is possible to notice a swelling, cyanosis of a place of damage, a pain at a touch and if bones are displaced it is observed as well deformation. If you have suspected crisis your prime task will be - to create finitenesses motionless position and to fix it by means of the tyre. Any improvised material - a board, a ruler, plywood for this purpose can serve. It is necessary to bandage the damaged bone to the tyre so that two have been fixed next, placed most close, a joint. For example, at forearm crisis it is necessary to fix elbow and luchezapjastnyj joints. If the backbone, edges or basin bones is damaged, it is necessary to put the child on an equal board (plywood, doors) and in a motionless condition to transport in medical institution

Remember, dear parents, in order to avoid annoying troubles with the kids, connected with traumas not to spoil neither, nor to children of summer holiday, it is better to strictly forbid to leave, first of all, it on a bicycle on a carriageway, to play places where there passes building, etc. Supervise kids if they bathe in open reservoirs, even when they well enough float. Also be not lazy, once again to remind the child of a safety rule, after all not without reason speak: berezhennogo - the God protects.